Heterogeneous catalysts improve the efficiency of chemical transformations and are used for the production of fuels, chemicals, and the abatement of harmful emissions. Modern catalysis exists for about 100 years, but catalyst design and development remains by and large a time-consuming experimental trial-and-error process. The discovery of density functional theory (DFT) and the availability of large computational resources have already started to have a significant impact on our understanding of catalysis, and more importantly, they become increasingly applicable for the in silico design of new catalytic materials. The most successful approach for the identification of novel catalysts is known as computational catalyst screening, which encompasses three main steps: (i) the identification of the dominant reaction mechanism and the key reaction intermediates; (ii) the determination of a small set of catalytic reactivity descriptors that can predict reactivity and selectivity trends; and (iii) the calculation of these reactivity descriptors on new catalysts. In the Computational Catalysis and Interface Chemistry (CCIC) group at the University of Houston (UH) we apply computational catalysis techniques, primarily DFT, to study catalytic process that enable the more efficient use of natural resources. This includes the utilization of abundant natural gas and biomass as fuel and feedstock for the production of valuable chemicals. The use of different fuels in vehicles, e.g. natural gas engines, also requires novel catalytic converters for emissions aftertreatment. Our group is very active in studying such catalysts and we collaborate closely with experimental groups at UH and elsewhere.
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